Merge

* OS/2::                        OS/2 notes

* MySQL binaries::              MySQL binaries

* Post-installation::           Post-installation setup and testing

* Upgrade::                     Is there anything special to do when upgrading/downgrading @strong{MySQL}?

* Upgrade::                     Upgrading/downgrading @strong{MySQL}

Installing a MySQL Binary Distribution

* Command-line options::        Command-line options

* Option files::                Option files

Is There Anything Special to Do when Upgrading/Downgrading MySQL?

Upgrading/Downgrading MySQL

* Upgrading-from-3.22::         Upgrading from a 3.22 version to 3.23

* Upgrading-from-3.21::         Upgrading from a 3.21 version to 3.22

* OS/2::                        OS/2 notes

* MySQL binaries::              MySQL binaries

* Post-installation::           Post-installation setup and testing

* Upgrade::                     Is there anything special to do when upgrading/downgrading @strong{MySQL}?

* Upgrade::                     Upgrading/Downgrading MySQL

@end menu

This chapter describes how to obtain and install @strong{MySQL}:

@code{bk clone bk://work.mysql.com:7000 mysql} - the initial download

may take a while, depending on the speed of your connection.

@item

@code{cd mysql; bk -r edit; aclocal; autoheader; autoconf;

 automake; ./configure} with your favorite options, and then

@code{ make}.

You will need GNU autoconf/automake, libtool, and m4 to do this.

We have a

collection of our standard configure scripts in the @code{BUILD/}

subdirectory - if you are lazy, you can do

You will need GNU autoconf/automake, libtool, and m4 to do the next stage.

If you get some strange error during the first stage, check that you really

have libtool installed!

@example

cd mysql

bk -r edit

aclocal; autoheader; autoconf;  automake;

./configure  # Add your favorite options here

make

@end example

We have a collection of our standard configure scripts in the

@code{BUILD/} subdirectory - if you are lazy, you can do

@code{BUILD/compile-pentium-debug} . It will actually work on a lot of

non-x86 machines despite its name.

@item

shell> ./bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &

@end example

This installs and starts @code{MySQL} without any passwords.

Testing is most easily done from the top-level directory of the @strong{MySQL}

distribution.  For a binary distribution, this is your installation directory

(typically something like @file{/usr/local/mysql}).  For a source

000729 14:50:10  Can't init databases

@end example

this means that you started mysqld with @code{--bdb-recover} and that

Berkeley DB found something wrong with it's log files when it tried to

recover your databases.  To be able to continue, you should move away

the old Berkeley DB log file from the database directory to some other

place, where you can later examine these.  The log files are named

@file{log.0000000001}, where the number will increase over time.

this means that you didn't started mysqld with @code{--bdb-no-recover}

and Berkeley DB found something wrong with it's log files when it

tried to recover your databases.  To be able to continue, you should

move away the old Berkeley DB log file from the database directory to

some other place, where you can later examine these.  The log files are

named @file{log.0000000001}, where the number will increase over time.

If you are running @code{mysqld} with BDB table support and mysqld core

dumps at start this could be because of some problems with the BDB

recover log.  In this case you can try starting @code{mysqld} with

@code{--bdb-no-recover}.  If this helps, then you should remove all

@file{log.*} files from the data directory and try starting @code{mysqld}

again.

If you get the following error, it means that some other program (or another

@code{mysqld} server) is already using the TCP/IP port or socket

The above output contains all options for the groups 'client' and 'mysql'.

@node Upgrade,  , Post-installation, Installing

@section Is There Anything Special to Do when Upgrading/Downgrading MySQL?

@section Upgrading/Downgrading MySQL

@cindex upgrading

@cindex downgrading

specify values for all columns that require a non-@code{NULL} value.

@xref{configure options,  , @code{configure} options}.

@item

You can find the value used for an @code{AUTO_INCREMENT} column

with the @code{mysql_insert_id} function.

@xref{mysql_insert_id, , @code{mysql_insert_id()}}.

@item

The following conditions hold for an @code{INSERT INTO ... SELECT} statement:

| myisam_sort_buffer_size | 8388608                         |

| net_buffer_length       | 16384                           |

| net_retry_count         | 10                              |

| open_files_limit        | 0                               |

| pid_file                | /usr/local/mysql/data/tik.pid   |

| port                    | 3306                            |

| protocol_version        | 10                              |

Number of seconds to wait for a block to be written to a connection before

aborting the write.

@item @code{open_files_limit}

If this is not 0, then @code{mysqld} will use this value to reserve file

descriptors to use with @code{getrlimit()}.  If this value is 0 then

@code{mysqld} will reserve @code{max_connections*5} or

@code{max_connections + table_cache*2} (whichever is larger) number of

files.  You should try increasing this if @code{mysqld} gives you the

error 'Too many open files'.

@item @code{pid_file}

The value of the @code{--pid-file} option.

@item @code{--bdb-lock-detect=#} @tab  Berkeley lock detect. One of (DEFAULT, OLDEST, RANDOM, or YOUNGEST).

@item @code{--bdb-logdir=directory} @tab Berkeley DB log file directory.

@item @code{--bdb-no-sync} @tab Don't synchronously flush logs.

@item @code{--bdb-recover} @tab Start Berkeley DB in recover mode.

@item @code{--bdb-no-recover} @tab Don't start Berkeley DB in recover mode.

@item @code{--bdb-shared-data} @tab Start Berkeley DB in multi-process mode (Don't use @code{DB_PRIVATE} when initializing Berkeley DB)

@item @code{--bdb-tmpdir=directory} @tab Berkeley DB tempfile name.

@item @code{--skip-bdb} @tab Don't use berkeley db.

Berkeley DB library and this will save a lot of memory. Of course,

you cannot use @code{BDB} tables if you are using this option.

Normally you should start mysqld with @code{--bdb-recover} if you intend

to use BDB tables.  This may, however, give you problems when you try to

start mysqld if the BDB log files are corrupted. @xref{Starting server}.

Normally you should start mysqld without @code{--bdb-no-recover} if you

intend to use BDB tables.  This may, however, give you problems when you

try to start mysqld if the BDB log files are corrupted. @xref{Starting

server}.

With @code{bdb_max_lock} you can specify the maximum number of locks

(1000 by default) you can have active on a BDB table. You should

(10000 by default) you can have active on a BDB table. You should

increase this if you get errors of type @code{bdb: Lock table is out of

available locks} or @code{Got error 12 from ...}  when you have do long

transactions or when @code{mysqld} has to examine a lot of rows to

@itemize @bullet

@item

To be able to rollback transactions BDB maintain log files.  For maximum

performance you should place these on another disk than your databases

by using the @code{--bdb_log_dir} options.

@item

@strong{MySQL} performs a checkpoint each time a new BDB log

file is started, and removes any log files that are not needed for

current transactions.  One can also run @code{FLUSH LOGS} at any time

to checkpoint the Berkeley DB tables.

For disaster recovery, one should use table backups plus

@strong{MySQL}'s binary log. @xref{Backup}.

@strong{Warning}: If you delete old log files that are in use, BDB will

not be able to do recovery at all and you may loose data if something

goes wrong.

@item

@strong{MySQL} requires a @code{PRIMARY KEY} in each BDB table to be

able to refer to previously read rows. If you don't create one,

@strong{MySQL} will create an maintain a hidden @code{PRIMARY KEY} for

the middle of the key tree.  This makes BDB tables somewhat larger than

MyISAM tables.

@item

@strong{MySQL} performs a checkpoint each time a new Berkeley DB log

file is started, and removes any log files that are not needed for

current transactions.  One can also run @code{FLUSH LOGS} at any time

to checkpoint the Berkeley DB tables.

For disaster recovery, one should use table backups plus MySQL's binary

log. @xref{Backup}.

@item

The optimizer needs to know an approximation of the number of rows in

the table.  @strong{MySQL} solves this by counting inserts and

maintaining this in a separate segment in each BDB table.  If you don't

If you use @code{--with-debug}, then you will only loose 15 %.

@item

On a Sun SPARCstation 10, @code{gcc} 2.7.3 is 13% faster than Sun Pro C++ 4.2.

On a Sun SPARCstation 20, SunPro C++ 4.2 is 5 % faster than @code{gcc} 2.95.2.

@item

Compiling with @code{gcc} 2.95.2 for ultrasparc with the option

@item

Running with @code{--log-bin} makes @strong{[MySQL} 1 % slower.

@item

Compiling without frame pointers @code{-fomit-frame-pointer} with gcc makes

MySQL 1 % faster.

@end itemize

The @strong{MySQL}-Linux distribution provided by MySQL AB used to be

like @code{SHOW PROCESSLIST} will not work properly.  The fix is to set

add the option @code{OPTION=16834} in the ODBC connect string or set

the @code{Change BIGINT columns to INT} option in the MyODBC connect screen.

@item VisualInterDev

If you get the error @code{[Microsoft][ODBC Driver Manager] Driver does

not support this parameter} the reason may be that you have a

@code{BIGINT} in your result.  Try setting the @code{Change BIGINT

columns to INT} option in the MyODBC connect screen.

@end table

@cindex AUTO-INCREMENT, ODBC

many files at once or increase the number of file descriptors

available to @code{mysqld}.

To tell @code{mysqld} to keep open fewer files at a time, you can make the

table cache smaller by using the @code{-O table_cache=32} option

to @code{safe_mysqld} (the default value is 64). Reducing the value of

@code{max_connections} will also reduce the number of open files (the default

value is 90).

To tell @code{mysqld} to keep open fewer files at a time, you can make

the table cache smaller by using the @code{-O table_cache=32} option to

@code{safe_mysqld} (the default value is 64). Reducing the value of

@code{max_connections} will also reduce the number of open files (the

default value is 90).

@tindex ulimit

To change the number of file descriptors available to @code{mysqld}, modify

the @code{safe_mysqld} script.  There is a commented-out line

@code{ulimit -n 256} in the script.  You can remove the @code{'#'} character

to uncomment this line, and change the number 256 to change the number of

file descriptors available to @code{mysqld}.

To change the number of file descriptors available to @code{mysqld}, you

can use the option @code{--open-files-limit=#} to @code{safe_mysqld} or

@code{-O open-files-limit=#} to @code{mysqld}. @xref{SHOW VARIABLES}.

The easyest way to do that is to add the option to your option file.

@xref{Option files}.  If you have an old @code{mysqld} version that

doesn't support this, you can edit the @code{safe_mysqld} script.  There

is a commented-out line @code{ulimit -n 256} in the script.  You can

remove the @code{'#'} character to uncomment this line, and change the

number 256 to affect the number of file descriptors available to

@code{mysqld}.

@code{ulimit} can increase the number of file descriptors, but only up to the

limit imposed by the operating system.  If you need to increase the OS limit

on the number of file descriptors available to each process, consult the

documentation for your operating system.

@code{ulimit} (and @code{open-files-limit}) can increase the number of

file descriptors, but only up to the limit imposed by the operating

system.  If you need to increase the OS limit on the number of file

descriptors available to each process, consult the documentation for

your operating system.

Note that if you run the @code{tcsh} shell, @code{ulimit} will not work!

@code{tcsh} will also report incorrect values when you ask for the current

@appendixsubsec Changes in release 3.23.30

@itemize @bullet

@item

Added option @code{open-files-limit} to @code{mysqld}.

@item

Changed option @code{open-files} to @code{open-files-limit} in

@code{safe_mysqld}.

@item

Item fixed a bug where some rows where not found with @code{HEAP} tables 

that had many keys.

@item

Fixed that @code{--bdb-no-sync} works.

@item

Changed @code{--bdb-recover} to @code{--bdb-no-recover} as recover should

be on by default.

@item

Changed the default number of BDB locks to 10000.

@item

Fixed a bug from 3.23.29 when allocating the shared structure needed

for BDB tables.

@item

@itemize @bullet

@item

Fixed bug in 3.23.19; @code{DELETE FROM tbl_name} removed the .frm file.

@item

Added @code{SHOW CREATE TABLE}.

@end itemize

@node News-3.23.19, News-3.23.18, News-3.23.20, News-3.23.x

			log.\n");

#ifndef __WIN__

  printf("\

  --pager[=...]         Output type. Default is your ENV variable PAGER.\n\

  --pager[=...]         Pager to use to display results. If you don't supply\n\

                        an option the default pager is taken from your ENV\n\

                        variable PAGER (%s).\n\

                        Valid pagers are less, more, cat [> filename], etc.\n\

                        See interactive help (\\h) also. This option does\n\

                        not work in batch mode.\n");

                        not work in batch mode.\n", getenv("PAGER") ? getenv("PAGER") : "");

#endif

  printf("\

  -p[password], --password[=...]\n\

 stdlib.h stddef.h \

 strings.h string.h synch.h sys/mman.h sys/socket.h netinet/in.h arpa/inet.h \

 sys/timeb.h sys/types.h sys/un.h sys/vadvise.h sys/wait.h term.h \

 unistd.h utime.h sys/utime.h termio.h termios.h sched.h crypt.h alloca.h)

 unistd.h utime.h sys/utime.h termio.h termios.h sched.h crypt.h alloca.h \

 sys/ioctl.h)

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Check for system libraries. Adds the library to $LIBS

  }

  memcpy(record,pos,(size_t) share->reclength);

  info->update=HA_STATE_AKTIV;

  if (!(share->keydef->flag & HA_NOSAME))

  if (!(share->keydef[inx].flag & HA_NOSAME))

    memcpy(info->lastkey,key,(size_t) share->keydef[inx].length);

  DBUG_RETURN(0);

}

  HA_EXTRA_FORCE_REOPEN=21,		/* Datafile have changed on disk */

  HA_EXTRA_FLUSH,			/* Flush tables to disk */

  HA_EXTRA_NO_ROWS,			/* Don't write rows */

  HA_EXTRA_RESET_STATE			/* Reset positions */

  HA_EXTRA_RESET_STATE,			/* Reset positions */

  HA_EXTRA_IGNORE_DUP_KEY,		/* Dup keys don't rollback everything*/

  HA_EXTRA_NO_IGNORE_DUP_KEY

};

	/* The following is parameter to ha_panic() */